Weather/Climate Foundation Model

various (Microsoft, Google DeepMind)

Structures found in this family (4)

Linear Subspace, Platonic Representation Hypothesis, Intrinsic-dimension profile across depth, Linear Direction

Hypotheses argued for by this family (1)

Platonic Representation Hypothesis

By model (2)

Aurora (weather foundation model)

Linear Subspace, Platonic Representation Hypothesis, Intrinsic-dimension profile across depth

GraphCast (weather foundation model)

Platonic Representation Hypothesis, Intrinsic-dimension profile across depth, Linear Direction

Observations (3)

Aurora's latent bottleneck is organized by season, not storms

GraphCast and Aurora share CKA geometry with a depth-wise scale shift

PCA on a real pretrained weather model's latent mesh nodes reveals a dipole direction tracking synoptic wave troughs

Papers

Does Aurora Encode Atmospheric Structure? Latent Regime Analysis and Attribution (2026), The physics of AI weather models (2026), Mechanistic Interpretability Tool for AI Weather Models (2026)