BGE

BAAI

Structures found in this family (2)

Linear Direction, Anisotropy

By model (4)

BGE-large-en-v1.5 · 335M

Linear Direction, Anisotropy

BGE-base-en-v1.5 · 109M

Anisotropy

BGE-M3

Linear Direction

BGE-small-en-v1.5 · 33M

Linear Direction

Observations (4)

Analogical relations fit a rotational operator better than an additive offset

A von Mises-Fisher grounding direction separates grounded from hallucinated responses

A 'state of mind' spectrum is linearly decodable across five encoders

Dominant-dimension variance decides cosine vs rank metrics

Papers

Mapping Semantic & Syntactic Relationships with Geometric Rotation in Embedding Space (2025), A Geometric Taxonomy of Hallucinations in Large Language Models (2026), Probing Spectrum-Like Organization of States of Mind in Transformer Representation Spaces (2026), Anisotropy Decides Cosine vs. Rank Metrics for Text Embeddings (2026)